Research Progress and Development Trends in Biotribology: Multi-Field Coupling at Biological Interfaces

Biotribology examines the complex interactions at biological interfaces, integrating insights from tribology, biology, materials science, chemistry, and physics. This research focused on multi-field coupling mechanisms, which encompassed the synergistic effects of mechanical, thermal, electrical, magnetic, and chemical processes on the behavior of biological surfaces and interfaces. Clarifying these mechanisms is critical for advancing the development of high-performance medical devices, innovative biomimetic materials, and understanding the underlying mechanisms of health and disease. This study built on the findings from the symposium “Biotribology and Multi-field Coupling Mechanisms at Biological Interfaces with Biomimetic Design,” presenting an overview of recent advancements, current trends, and future challenges in the field. The research emphasized key areas such as the tribological behavior of artificial implants, the design of biomaterials with enhanced lubrication and wear resistance, and the development of bioinspired solutions for medical and engineering applications. A key focus is on biological interfaces such as joints, skin, and cardiovascular systems, where friction, wear, and lubrication critically impact device performance and tissue health. For instance, studies of artificial joints revealed how mechanical stress and biochemical processes interact, influencing wear patterns and material degradation. Research had identified that the integration of nanoscale structural modifications and bioinspired lubrication mechanisms, such as polymer brushes mimicking natural cartilage, significantly reduced friction coefficients and wear rates. In the context of cartilage repair, the use of hydrogel-based materials with self-renewing lubrication layers had shown promise in restoring joint function and mitigating osteoarthritis progression. Meanwhile, advancements in implantable materials, including hydrophilic coatings and biocompatible polymers, had enhanced device performance in corrosive and dynamic biological environments. The study also highlighted the critical role of interdisciplinary collaboration in addressing the challenges of optimizing artificial implants and developing biomimetic systems. Future research directions included improving the understanding of multi-field coupling effects at biological interfaces, optimizing the structural and functional integration of biomaterials, and extending applications beyond traditional medical devices to areas such as drug delivery and tissue engineering. This work provided a foundation for advancing biotribology through the integration of multidisciplinary approaches, offering solutions for critical medical and engineering challenges in healthcare and beyond.