Abstract: The comprehensive effects of material characteristics and hydraulic conditions on the abrasion resistance of ADI blades in slurry pump were investigated in laboratory by means of orthogonal test, and the factors and their levels were analyzed. It is showed that the material characteristics governed by the interaction between composition and heat treatment is the major factor determining the abrasion resistance of ADIs. The other factors affecting the abrasion resistance of ADIs include the hardness of the abrasive particles and the blade geometry parameters. Orthogonal test is suitable to investigating the abrasion resistance of ADI blades in slurry pump which is influenced by complex factors.