Abstract: A novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thione derivative DPTT was synthesized and confirmed by elemental analyses and IR. The thermal properties of DPTT was investigated by thermogravimetric analyzer, and the tribological properties of DPTT as additive in rapeseed oil was examined by using four-ball tester. Worn surface morphology and element chemical composition of rubbing film was analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The result indicates that DPTT possed good thermal stability, this novel compound as an additive in the rapeseed oil was able to obviously decrease the wear rate and friction coefficient, the additives reacted with metal surface to form a film containing FeS, FeS2 and FeSO4, and nitrogen metal complex, nitrogen oxides and organic nitrogen, all these compound contributed to the improved tribological properties of the rapeseed oil.