Abstract: In this report, recent progresses in tribological modification of polymer-based composites have been reviewed. The tribology properties of polymer and mechanism of friction and wear have been discussed and analyzed by introducing different conventional modification including polymer blending and fibers reinforcing, nanoparticles modification and multi-components modification. It is pointed out that the synergistic effect of functional nanoparticles and multi-components not only effectively improve the friction and wear properties of polymer-based composites, but also play a more important role in the tribological modification of polymer composites.