离心铸造二元钛合金的摩擦磨损性能研究
Study of Wear Resistance of Centrifugal Cast Binary Titanium Alloys
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摘要: 采用钨电极熔化、离心浇注工艺制备Ti-Mo、Ti-Nb和Ti-Cr二元钛合金,利用CJS111A型球-盘式摩擦磨损试验机评价其干摩擦磨损性能,研究合金元素对钛合金耐磨性的影响,采用扫描电子显微镜观察合金磨损表面形貌,利用机械性能显微探针测量磨痕轮廓,分析了几种合金的磨损机理.结果表明:当合金中Mo、Nb及Cr元素的质量分数为5%时,几种二元合金的稳态摩擦系数相差不大;当Mo、Nb及Cr元素的质量分数为10%时,Ti-10Mo合金与Ti-10Nb合金的稳态摩擦系数相差不大,Ti-10Cr合金的稳态摩擦系数较大;几种合金中,硬度较低的Ti-5Nb合金试样的磨痕深度最小,硬度最高的Ti-5Cr合金试样的磨痕深度最大;Ti-Mo合金和Ti-Nb合金的磨损机制为粘着磨损和磨粒磨损共同作用,而Ti-Cr合金则以磨粒磨损为主.Abstract: Ti-Mo, Ti-Nb and Ti-Cr alloys were fabricated by using tungsten electrode melting and centrifugal casting. The dry wear resistance of Ti-Mo, Ti-Nb and Ti-Cr alloys against Grl5 ball was investigated on CJS111A balldisk wear instrument. The influence of alloy element on wear resistance of alloys was investigated. Worn surface morphologies and cross-section profiles of the wear tracks of the samples were observed on a scanning electron microscope and electron microprobe analyzer. Wear mechanism of Ti-Mo, Ti-Nb and Ti-Cr alloys was analyzed. When the weight fraction of elements Mo, Nb and Cr was 5% , friction coefficients of Ti-SMo, Ti-SNb and Ti-SCr alloys were nearly the same. When the weight fraction bf elements Mo, Nb and Cr was 10% , friction coefficients of Ti-10Mo and Ti-10Nb alloys exhibited little difference and that of Ti-10Cr alloy was the largest. The wear scar depth of Ti-SNb alloy was the smallest and that of Ti-SCr alloy was the largest. Wear of Ti-Mo and Ti-Nb alloys was characterized by adhesion and abrasive wear, while wear of Ti-Cr alloys was characterized by abrasive wear.