Abstract: Several aluminum based composites embedded with hard metals and graphite were prepared. The tribological behaviors of the composites under dry reciprocating sliding were investigated with various frictional pair combinations. It has been found that the hardness of the embedding material plays a very important role in the anti wear ability of the composites, the higher the hardness of the embedding material, the better the anti wear ability of the composite. As graphite and PTFE do not increase the mechanical strength of aluminum, the composite embedded with these solid lubricants does not show increased anti wear ability. Based on the structure of the embedded composites, the anti wear mechanism has been analyzed from the mechanical viewpoints. The results are to give help on the tribological application of aluminum and its alloys.