Abstract: Gear is a key basic component of mechanical equipment, widely used in aviation, wind power, mining, ships and other fields. With the rapid development of industrial technology, the demand for gear bearing capacity is increasing day by day, However, a small amount of tooth wear can cause the designed conjugate tooth profile to fail to mesh properly, causing vibration and noise in the transmission mechanism and seriously reducing the life of the transmission mechanism. As we all know, the geometry of the gear teeth can determine the performance of the gear transmission system to a certain extent, and the use of new tooth shape is an effective way to improve the performance of the gear transmission system. Therefore, in view of the problem of low contact strength and high sliding friction of involute gear teeth, the research related to novel curved meshing line gears had gradually appeared in the public's field of vision. In order to investigate the novel curve type meshing line gear contact characteristics and wear characteristics of the law, the use of differential geometry and coordinate transformation method to establish a novel gear tooth surface, the gear meshing process discretization and the construction of a finite element three-dimensional model, through the ABAQUS finite element software for its bearing contact analysis, to explore the novel gear bearing contact stress and bending stress change rule. On this basis, based on Hertz contact theory and Archard wear formula, a novel curve type meshing line gear wear model was established, and numerical simulation of novel gear tooth wear characteristics was carried out to calculate the relative sliding distance of the tooth surface and the Hertz contact half-width, and to find out the amount of tooth surface wear and wear curve under the quasi-static load. Finally, a comparative study was made between the novel gears and involute gears in terms of load contact characteristics and wear patterns. The results showed that compared with involute gears, the novel curved meshing line gears were better in terms of load carrying capacity and transmission smoothness, especially the tooth face contact stress could be reduced up to 17.0% or more. The depth of wear of the tooth surface of the curved meshing line gear was unevenly distributed along the tooth profile direction, and the depth of wear of the tooth surface of the curved meshing line gear decreased gradually from the tooth root to the node position, and then increased gradually from the node to the tooth top position, and the depth of wear of the tooth surface at the root position was greater than that of the tooth surface at the tooth top position. The maximum wear depth of the new gear pair was reduced by 28.44%, which could effectively improve the non-uniform wear phenomenon existing in the involute gear pair, so as to prolong the service life of the gear transmission device, and the research results provided ideas and methods for the study of reducing gear wear and the design of novel gear tooth profile.