ISSN   1004-0595

CN  62-1224/O4

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G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V轴承钢重载滚动接触疲劳损伤演化及失效行为研究

Fatigue Damage Evolution and Failure of G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V Bearing Steel under Heavy Load Rolling Contact

  • 摘要: G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V高温轴承钢在航发主轴轴承中广泛应用,具有优异的接触疲劳强度. 采用球棒式疲劳试验机研究其在重载润滑条件下的滚动接触疲劳(RCF)损伤演化及失效行为. 通过对测试棒接触轨迹三维形貌的测量,结合混合弹流润滑分析,获取了接触区润滑行为的演变规律及其对表层和近表层疲劳失效行为的影响. 通过对次表层材料微观结构组分和组织形貌的分析,研究了材料组织结构的累积损伤行为,探讨了微区润滑行为与近表层夹杂和次表层材料累积损伤之间的映射关系. 研究结果表明:接触轨迹表面磨损、微点蚀和塑性变形造成接触表面润滑状态变化,润滑状态变化、近表层夹杂和次表层材料组织结构累积损伤之间的竞争机制和相互作用是造成不同疲劳失效形式的主要因素. 该研究中首次对G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V轴承钢疲劳损伤演化及失效行为进行了详细分析,为轴承制造筛选材料和工艺提供数据.

     

    Abstract: As one of the important basic components of aeroengines, bearings can provide structural support and reduce friction torque for the rotary shaft system. G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V high-temperature bearing steel is widely used in aeroengine main shaft bearings, and has excellent contact fatigue strength. The rolling contact fatigue (RCF) test is an important indicator to measure the performance of bearing steel. Compared with basic material performance experiments, such as tension and compression fatigue experiments and rotational tensile fatigue experiments, because it is similar to the real load conditions of the bearing, the test is more suitable as a guide for material heat treatment and processing process optimization in bearing processing. In order to obtain the RCF damage characteristics of G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V high-temperature bearing steel under heavy-load lubrication, the ball-on-rod RCF testing machine was used to study the fatigue damage evolution and failure behavior of the bearing steel, and its failure mechanism was preliminarily analyzed. The three-dimensional topography of the contact track of the rod was measured with a white light interferometer, combined with the analysis of mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication, the evolution law of the lubrication behavior in the contact area and its influence on the fatigue failure behavior of the surface layer and the near-surface layer were obtained. The microstructural components and organizational topography of the material in the subsurface layer and its crack source area were analyzed through OA, SEM and EDS, and the cumulative damage and failure behavior of the material organizational structure were studied. By analyzing the lubrication behavior of the contact area, the material microstructural components, microstructure topography of the near-surface and sub-surface layers and their crack source areas, the mapping relationship between the evolution of the lubrication state and the cumulative damage of near-surface inclusions and sub-surface materials were explored. The research results showed that the lubrication state of the contact track of the test rod changed with the change of the contact surface topography at different operating stages, and the changes in the lubrication state would affect surface damage behaviors such as surface wear and micropitting. Inclusions in the near-surface layer caused the Von Mises stress to exceed the yield limit of the material, causing cracks to initiate and promoting RCF in the near-surface layer. The cumulative damage to the subsurface material structure was the main factor causing the RCF of the subsurface layer. The competition mechanism and interaction between changes in lubrication state, near-surface inclusions, and cumulative damage to the subsurface material structure were the main factors causing different RCF failure forms. This study provided the first detailed analysis of the fatigue damage evolution and failure behavior of G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V bearing steel, providing data for screening materials and processes in bearing manufacturing.

     

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