Abstract:
To study the kinetic characteristics of the solid particles involved in the liquid flow in an elbow pipe and wear of the inner wall of the pipe, a numerical work was conducted using the method coupling computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method. The numerical model was established with the interaction between the solid and liquid phases considered. The two-phase flow was simulated thereby. A wear model was developed through the application programming interface of the commercial software EDEM, and the validity of the model was confirmed through the experimental results. The results showed that the numerical scheme could be used to simulate the kinetic characteristics of the solid particles, and to predict the position and extent of wear of the elbow pipe. Along the streamwise direction, the flow velocity near the inner wall continuously decreased, while the flow velocity near the outer wall continuously increased. Starting from the 30° section of the elbow, a pair of symmetrical vortices with opposite rotational directions were produced in the flow passage; the positions of the vortex cores tended to move towards the inner side of the wall, and the intensity of the vortices decreased during this process. The secondary flow in the elbow pipe had a significant influence on motion of particles. Severe wear occurred at the outer side of the wall and near the central line. The difference of wear among different positions of the elbow pipe was mainly affected by the collision velocity, the collision angle, and the collision frequency. As the particles travelled in the pipe, they collided with the wall for multiple times, and the collision angle gradually decreased. The trajectories of the particles exhibited slightly wave patterns. The concept of sphericity was adopted to describe the shape of the particles. As the sphericity increased, the particle shape developed towards the spherical shape, and the amount of the resultant wear under the same collision condition was low, but the capability of the particles of following the liquid movement was undermined. Under the operating condition of the delivery of multiple-shaped particles, in the streamwise direction, the amount of wear firstly increased and then decreased. The amount of wear reached its maximum at the 60º section of the elbow pipe. The wear pattern was dominated by scratches of small angles. Particle shape influenced both the particle velocity in the flow and the collision between particles and the wall. With increasing sphericity, severe wear migrated toward the inlet of the elbow pipe, and the average wear of the wall decreased firstly and then increased. At the sphericity of 0.91 for the delivered particles, the amount of wear attained its minimum.