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摘要: 摩擦片的摩擦磨损性能严重影响盘式制动器的使用寿命和客车行驶的安全性. 以灰铸铁HT250圆盘为对偶件，利用销盘式摩擦磨损试验机，在不同温度下对树脂基复合材料摩擦片的摩擦系数和磨损率进行研究，同时应用JSM-651010LA型扫描电子显微镜、HGP-7500型光电直读光谱仪和HXD-1000TMSC型显微硬度测试仪对摩擦磨损表面进行观察和测量，表征其摩擦表面的微观形貌和测定微观硬度，进而推断其磨损机理. 结果表明：在不同温度下，平均摩擦系数和磨损率均随着温度的升高先增加后降低；随着温度升高，摩擦层的面积和其微观硬度的变化和平均摩擦系数、磨损率的变化规律基本相同；在高温摩擦磨损过程中，黏着磨损占主导作用，同时伴随着切削磨损.Abstract: The tribological properties of the pad seriously affect the service lifetime of the disc brake and the safety of the vehicles. By using a high speed tribo-tester, tribological behaviors of resin matrix composite sliding against gray cast iron HT250 were investigated under high speed dry sliding conditions. Friction and wear tests were performed at elevated temperatures to obtain the friction coefficient and wear rate of resin matrix composite pad. Morphology and hardness of the unworn and worn surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscope, photoelectric direct reading spectrometer and microhardness tester, and the wear mechanism at elevated temperature was presented. The mean friction coefficient and wear rate were observed to increase firstly and then decrease with the increasing temperature. The variation of the micro hardness and area of the friction layer increase firstly and then decrease with the increasing temperature. Adhesive wear mechanism dominated at higher temperature.
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Keywords:
- brake pad /
- high temperature wear /
- friction coefficient /
- wear rate
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图 1 摩擦系数与温度随圆盘转数变化曲线
Figure 1. Friction coefficient and disk temperature vs revolution
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图 2 试验前后表面SEM照片和表面EDX光谱
Figure 2. SEM micrographs and EDX spectrum before and after the experiment
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图 3 摩擦表面在不同温度下的SEM照片
Figure 3. SEM micrographs of the pad surface at different temperature
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图 4 表面材料和摩擦层的微观硬度
Figure 4. The micro hardness of surface materials and friction layer
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图 5 摩擦片表面在不同温度下形貌的SEM照片
Figure 5. SEM morphology of the worn pad surface at elevated temperature
表 1 摩擦片材料组成
Table 1 Composition of the pad friction material
Component Mass fraction,w/% Function Phenolic resin 24 Binder Nitrile rubber 5 Binder Steel fiber 10 Reinforcement Twaron 2 Reinforcement BaSO4 9 Friction modifier Synthetic graphite 5 Friction modifier Resilient graphitic carbon 5 Friction modifier MgO 3 Friction modifier ZrSiO4 2 Friction modifier Al2O3 2 Friction modifier Coke 15 filler Vermiculite 5 filler Copper 4 filler Iron powder 3 filler Sb2S3 3 filler Tin 3 filler 
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表 2 平均摩擦系数与磨损率
Table 2 Mean friction coefficient and wear rate
T/℃ Mean friction coefficient Wear rate/[×10–4mm3·(N·m)-1] Measured Acceptable limit Measured Acceptable limit 100 0.373 0.25~0.65 0.186 0~0.50 150 0.433 0.25~0.70 0.298 0~0.70 200 0.439 0.25~0.70 0.304 0~1.00 250 0.368 0.25~0.70 0.203 0~1.50 300 0.367 0.25~0.70 0.176 0~2.00 350 0.314 0.25~0.70 0.136 0~2.50
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