Abstract: The copper based powder metallurgy friction material was prepared by powder metallurgy technology. The influences of friction component Cr and braking energy on friction and wear properties and wear mechanism map of copper-based powder metallurgy friction material under dry friction condition were studied. According to the variation of liner wear, the liner wear map was constructed based on the braking energy and the addition of Cr, which included three wear regions, namely, the low wear area, the medium wear area and the high wear area. The transformation equations of the boundaries of each region were also established. In addition, according to the analysis of the worn surface, subsurface, and wear debris, the main wear mechanisms of each region were determined, i.e. ploughing and mild oxidation wear for the low wear region, severe oxidation wear and ploughing for the medium wear region, delamination wear for the high wear region. The wear mechanism map provided useful guide for the practical application of copper-based powder metallurgy friction material.