High Temperature Friction and Wear Property of Hot Stamping Tool Steel SDCM
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摘要: 为了研究新型热冲压模具材料SDCM钢的高温摩擦磨损性能，对比国外优质热作模具材料CR7V钢，利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM），透射电子显微镜（TEM），X射线衍射分析（XRD），UMT-3型高温摩擦磨损试验机以及Bruker白光轮廓仪等手段研究了新型热冲压模具钢SDCM热处理后组织状态、抗氧化性能以及不同温度高温摩擦磨损后磨痕形貌、截面形貌、表面物相。结果表明：不同温度下SDCM钢磨损机制差异明显，100℃时，材料主要为黏着磨损,经过300℃、500℃轻微氧化磨损与黏着磨损共存的阶段后，700℃时，磨损机制转变为氧化磨损；在100~400℃范围内，CR7V由于含有更多的M23C6型和M7C3型碳化物（分别占总碳化物的3.4%和12.7%），因而具有较高的耐磨性；500~700℃范围内，SDCM因具有更高的抗回火软化能力；同时Cr元素含量较少，抗氧化能力较弱，能够及时形成摩擦氧化层，作为“润滑剂”，提高材料的耐磨性。Abstract: The high temperature friction and wear properties of a new kind of hot stamping die material, SDCM steel, were investigated on a UMT-3 high temperature friction and wear tester using a high quality hot work die material, CR7V steel, as a benchmark. The microstructure and oxidation resistance of SDCM after heat treatment, morphologies and composition of the worn surface and cross-sectioned worn surface at eldevatd temperature were determined by using scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, Bruker white light scanning profiler. Results indicate that wear mechanisms of SDCM steel were different at elevated temperature. Adhesive wear dominated at 100℃. Mild oxidation wear and adhesive wear were observed at 300℃ and 500℃. The dominate wear mechanism was oxidation wear at 700℃. At temperatures from 100℃ to 400℃, CR7V exhibited high wear resistance due to the presence of M23C6 and M7C3 carbide, which were for 3.4% and 12.7% of the total carbide, respectively. From 500℃ to 700℃, SDCM had high resistance to temper softening. In addition, it had poor resistance to oxidation because of the low quantity of Cr. As the result, the tribo-oxide layer on the worn surface acted as a "lubricant" and responsible for the high wear resistance of material at 700℃.
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