Static and Dynamic Characteristics of Superconducting Magnetic Force and Hydrostatic Fluid Film Force Compound Bearings
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摘要: 以新一代液体火箭发动机涡轮泵为应用前景，提出了一种带小孔节流的超导-液体静压复合推力轴承。该复合轴承由6块圆形超导瓦和6块带有小孔节流的圆形液体静压推力瓦构成，依靠涡轮泵系统自带的低温介质（如液氢液氧等），可以实现超导磁斥力与流体静压力的复合。基于解耦方法分析了复合轴承的静动特性，重点研究不同液膜厚度下复合轴承的承载力和刚度随节流孔径、液腔直径等的变化规律。在设计工作点附近，超导推力瓦和静压推力瓦的承载力大体相当，而后者的刚度则是前者的300倍以上。理论结果表明该复合结构既可以保证启动阶段无接触摩擦，又能在工作阶段保持较高刚度以抗冲击，对设计高可靠性火箭涡轮泵的轴系结构具有参考价值。Abstract: This paper took the new generation of liquid rocket engine turbo pump as the application prospect. In order to resolve the status that the reliability of the mechanical contact type bearings can't be guaranteed, the YBCO superconducting circular pad was introduced with the basis of existing fluid lubrication thrust bearings, and a kind of thrust bearing composited by superconducting magnetic force and hydrostatic fluid film force was proposed. This compound bearing was constituted of six superconducting circular pads and six liquid circular thrust pads with orifice restrictor, which were uniformly and alternately arranged on the bearing seat. With the support of cryogenic medium (such as liquid hydrogen and oxygen) in the rocket turbine pump, the recombination of superconductive repulsive force and liquid hydrostatic pressure was realized. Because of the weak coupling property between hydrostatic pressure and superconducting magnetic force, the bearing characteristics of the compound bearing were analyzed based on the decoupled analysis method. The performance of composite bearing was obtained by superposition with separated bearing characteristics of superconducting bearing and fluid bearing. The influence of structure parameters on the bearing capacity and stiffness were studied, e.g. throttle diameter, fluid cavity diameter. Around the designed working point, the carrying capacity of superconducting thrust pads and fluid lubrication thrust pads were almost equal, and the stiffness of the latter was 300 times higher than the former. The theoretical result shows that this compound bearing can avoid the contact friction in the start and stop process of turbo pump, but also maintain a high stiffness in the working stage to resist impact load. The research of this paper has reference value for the design of high reliability shafting structure of high speed rocket turbine pump.
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